Lingoda Group Class Notes 42

Topic: The theory of evolution Relatedskill: Reading
Date: 06 November 2024 Teacher:Owin

What I've learned

Idioms

the survival of the fittest - Meaning: only people or things best adapted to their environment will continue to exist. - Example: Darwin’s ideas are often referred to as the survival of the fittest.

Vocabularies & Phrases

V&P	Definiation	Note
variation	n. 变异；变体；变奏；变种	Darwin travelled across the globe studying variation in plant and animal species.
evolve	v. 进化；演化；逐步发展	All life is connected and evolved from simple organisms.
organism	n. 微生物；有机体；组织；生物(体)
natural selection	n. 自然选择；物竞天择	According to Darwin, evolution occurred via a process called natural selection
advantageous traits	有利特征	Darwin discovered that advantageous traits were being passed from one generation to the next.
adapted	adj. 适合…的；改编成…的	As animals evolve, they become better adapted to the environments.
characteristic	n. 特征	Darwin's theory explained why species with certain special characteristics were able to survive.
vision	n. 视野；视力；异象；想象	Animals with excellent vision were much more likely to pass on this characteristic to the next generation.
offspring	n. 后代；子女；孩子；幼苗	Better adapted animals are more likely to have offspring.
descend from	是…的后裔	Something that Darwin never claimed was that humans are directly descended from apes.
diverge	v. 偏离；分歧；分叉；岔开	Humans and the great apes of Africa have a lot in common, despite the species having diverged so long ago.
ancestor	n. 祖先；祖宗	Humans and apes did have a common ancestor that lived between 6 and 8 million years ago.
primate	灵长类；灵长类动物；灵长目动物	The earliest humans evolved in Africa around 6 million years ago from primates.
bipedal	adj. 双足行走的；两腿行走的	A bipedal animal stands and moves on two legs.
interbreeding	v. 杂交繁殖；品种间杂交; n.杂种繁殖	Some interbreeding between Homo sapiens and Neanderthals did occur, so modern humans who are not of African descent have around 2% Neanderthal DNA.
sophisticated	adj. 见多识广的；老练的；见过世面的；复杂巧妙的	Neanderthals were the most sophisticated species around 40,000 years ago.

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